Which airspace classes require continuous two-way radio communication?

Continuous two-way radio communication is essential for certain classes of airspace to maintain safety and coordination among aircraft operating in those areas. In the context of airspace classification, Classes A, B, C, and D all mandate that pilots are in continuous communication with air traffic control (ATC) to ensure the safe and efficient management of air traffic.

Class A airspace is the most regulated and requires all aircraft to operate under instrument flight rules (IFR), hence necessitating constant communication with ATC. Class B airspace, typically surrounding busy airports, also requires two-way radio communication to manage high-density traffic. Class C airspace, commonly found around airports with a moderate level of traffic, mandates communication to facilitate the coordination between ATC and the aircraft within the space. Class D airspace, while less demanding than Classes A, B, and C, still requires two-way communication with the tower to ensure safety in controlled airport surroundings.

Class E airspace, however, operates under different regulations where continuous two-way radio communication is not invariably required, particularly in less congested areas or when operating under visual flight rules (VFR). Class G airspace, which is uncontrolled, does not require such communication at all.

Consequently, the accurate grouping